署名・カンパのお礼はがき（京大文学部3・1，4・28実行委員会、196803）

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共産党を中心とする占領下広島の動向1945～50年

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広島民報

発行状況

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トルーマン前米大統領宛任都栗司書簡（1958年3月1日付）

Tsukasa Nitoguri to former President Truman

March 1, 1958

CITY OF HIROSHIMA
HIROSHIMA, JAPAN

March 1, 1958

Mr. Harry S. Truman
Indianapolis, Missouri
U. S. A.

Dear Mr. Truman:

Please find enclosed a copy of the English translation of the resolution made by the City Council of Hiroshima in connection with the statement you recently made concerning the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and on the hydrogen bomb.

The people of Hiroshima, who actually suffered the painful sting of the bomb, are naturally most keenly sensitive to the moral side ot the nuclear weapons. It is our regret that your statement has urged us to make the resolution which we hereby forward you for your consideration.

Yours very truly,

/s/ Tsukasa Nitoguri
Chairman
Hiroshima City Council

RESOLUTIN NO. 11

RESOLUTION TO DECLARE PROTEST AGAINST BROADCAST REMARKS OF MR. TRUMAN, FORMER UNITED STATES PRESIDENT

The citizens of Hiroshima who have led their life in tribulation of more than two hundred thousand lives taken in sacrifice consider it their sublime duty to be a cornerstone of world peace and hold that no nation of the world should ever be permitted to repeat the error of using nuclear weapons on any people anywhere on the globe, whatever be the reason.

If, however, the statement made by Mr. Truman, former President of the United States, that he felt no compunction whatever after directing the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and that the hydrogen bombs would be put to use in future in case of emergency be true, it is a gross defilement committed on the people of Hiroshima and their fallen victims.

We, the City Council, do hereby protest against it in deep indignation shared by our citizens and declare that in the name of humanity and peace we appeal to the wisdom of the United States and her citizens and to their inner voice for peace that said statement be retracted and that they fulfil their obligations for the cause of world peace.

Be it hereby resolved.

February 13, 1958

Hiroshima City Council

Submitted February 13, 1958.

By KAZUO MATSUSHITA, Hiroshima City Councilman
YOSHITO AMIMOTO
YOSHIO YOSHINAKA
KIYIOCHI TSUCHIOKA
MEIICHI MASUMURA

トルーマン前米大統領任都栗司書簡（1958年3月1日付）への返書

Press release of letter from Truman to Hon. Tsukasa Nitoguri, March 12, 1958

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE TO THE PRESS, RADIO AND TELEVISION

The following letter was written March 12, 1958, by former President of the United States Harry S. Truman to Hon. Tsukasa Nitoguri, Chairman of the Hiroshima City Council, Hiroshima, Japan, in reply to the resolution passed by the Hiroshima City Council protesting Mr. TrumanÕs recently televised comments on the dropping of the atomic bomb on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II.

Dear Mr. Chairman:

Your courteous letter, enclosing the resolution of the Hiroshima City Council, was highly appreciated. The feeling of the people of your city is easily understood, and I am not in any way offended by the resolution which their city council passed.

However, it becomes necessary for me to remind the City Council, and perhaps you also, of some historical events.

In 1941, while a peace conference was in progress in Washington between representatives of the Emperor of Japan and the Secretary of State of the United States, representing the President and the Government of the United States, a naval expedition of the Japanese Government approached the Hawaiian Islands, a territorial part of the United States, and bombed our Pearl Harbor Naval Base. It was done without provocation, without warning and without a declaration of war.

Thousands of young American sailors and civilians were murdered by this unwarranted and unheralded attack, which brought on the war between the people of Japan and the people of the United States. It was an unnecessary and terrible act.

The United States had always been a friend of Japan from the time our great Admiral succeeded in opening the door to friendly relations between Russia and Japan in the early 1900. The President of the United States, Theodore Roosevelt, intervened and brought about a peace settlement.

But in the 1930 Japan joined the Axis Powers, and when the Hitler regime in Germany and Mussolini government in Italy were defeated, Japan was left alone.

From Potsdam in 1945, before Russia declared war on Japan, Great Britain, China and the United States issued an ultimatum suggesting that Japan join the Germans and Italians in surrender. This document, sent to the Japanese Government through Sweden and Switzerland, evoked only a very curt and discourteous reply.

Our military advisers had informed Prime Minister Churchill of Great Britain,

Generalissimo Chiang Kai – shek of China and the President of the United States that it would require at least a million and a half Allied soldiers to land in the Tokyo plain and on the south island of Japan.

On July 16, 1945, before the demand for JapanÕs surrender was made, a successful demonstration of the greatest explosive force in the history of the world had been accomplished.

After a long conference with the Cabinet, the military commanders and Prime Minister Churchill, it was decided to drop the atomic bomb on two Japanese cities devoted to war and work for Japan. The two cities selected were Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

When Japan surrendered a few days after the bomb was ordered dropped, on August 6, 1945, the military estimated that at least a quarter of a million of the invasion forces against Japan and a quarter of a million Japanese had been spared complete destruction and that twice that many on each side would, otherwise, have been maimed for life.

As the executive who ordered the dropping of the bomb, I think the sacrifice of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was urgent and necessary for the prospective welfare of both Japan and the Allies.

The need for such a fateful decision, of course, never would have arisen, had we not been shot in the back by Japan at Pearl Harbor in December, 1941.

And in spite of that shot in the back, this country of ours, the United States of America, has been willing to help in every way the restoration of Japan as a great and prosperous nation.

Sincerely yours,

/s/ Harry S. Truman>

Honorable Tsukasa Nitoguri
Chairman
Hiroshima City Council
Hiroshima
Japan

CITY OF HIROSHIMA
HIROSHIMA, JAPAN

『ヒロシマに来た大統領　「核の現実」とオバマの理想』（朝日新聞取材班著、筑摩書房、20160806）

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世界遺産　百舌鳥・古市古墳群　＜作業中＞

撮影日：2021年11月17日・18日

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百舌鳥・古市古墳群　－古代日本の墳墓群－（令和元年度記載）

百舌鳥・古市古墳群は、古墳時代の最盛期であった４世紀後半から５世紀後半にかけて、当時の政治・文化の中心地のひとつであり、大陸に向かう航路の発着点であった大阪湾に接する平野上に築造されました。

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百舌鳥・古市古墳群は、古墳時代の最盛期であった４世紀後半から５世紀後半にかけて、当時の政治・文化の中心地のひとつであり、大陸に向かう航路の発着点であった大阪湾に接する平野上に築造されました。 世界でも独特な、墳長５００メートル近くに達する前方後円墳から２０メートル台の墳墓まで、大きさと形状に多様性を示す古墳により構成されています。墳丘は葬送儀礼の舞台であり、幾何学的にデザインされ、埴輪などで外観が飾り立てられました。 本資産は、土製建造物のたぐいまれな技術的到達点を表し、墳墓によって権力を象徴した日本列島の人々の歴史を物語る顕著な物証です。 記載物件名 百舌鳥・古市古墳群　－古代日本の墳墓群－ 構成資産 反正天皇陵古墳、 仁徳天皇陵古墳、茶山古墳、大安寺山古墳、 永山古墳、 源右衛門山古墳、 塚廻古墳、 収塚古墳、 孫太夫山古墳、 竜佐山古墳、 銅亀山古墳、 菰山塚古墳、 丸保山古墳、 長塚古墳、 旗塚古墳、 銭塚古墳、 履中天皇陵古墳、 寺山南山古墳、 七観音古墳、 いたすけ古墳、 善右ヱ門山古墳、 御廟山古墳、 ニサンザイ古墳、 津堂城山古墳、 仲哀天皇陵古墳、 鉢塚古墳、 允恭天皇陵古墳、 仲姫命陵古墳、 鍋塚古墳、 助太山古墳、 中山塚古墳、 八島塚古墳、 古室山古墳、 大鳥塚古墳、 応神天皇陵古墳、誉田丸山古墳、二ツ塚古墳、 東馬塚古墳、 栗塚古墳、 東山古墳、 はざみ山古墳、 墓山古墳、 野中古墳、 向墓山古墳、 西馬塚古墳、 浄元寺山古墳、 青山古墳、 峯ヶ塚古墳、 白鳥陵古墳 所在地(市町村) 大阪府堺市、羽曳野市、藤井寺市 暫定記載年 平成22年(2010年) 推薦年月 平成30年(2018年)1月 記載年月 令和元年(2019年)7月 評価基準 (ⅲ)(ⅳ) 都道府県所管課 大阪府百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界文化遺産登録推進本部会議事務局 自治体等ＨＰ https://www.mozu-furuichi.jp/ （百舌鳥・古市古墳群世界遺産保存活用会議） ﾕﾈｽｺ資産ﾍﾟｰｼﾞ https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1593

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藤原修「第12章　平和運動と佐世保」（『佐世保市史通史編下巻』2003年４月　別刷）

『戦争孤児たちの戦後史（全3巻）』（吉川弘文館刊）

備考